A reign of terror in his final years was ended by his assassination. The brief but popular reign of his son Titus (79–81) was followed by the autocracy of Domitian (81–96), Vespasian’s other son, who fought the senatorial class and instituted taxes and confiscations for costly buildings, games, and shows.
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His reign (69–79) was noted for his reorganization of the army, making it more loyal and professional for his expansion of the membership of the Senate, bringing in administrators with a sense of service for his increase and systematization of taxation and for his strengthening of the frontiers of the empire (though little new territory was added).
He brought the dynasty to its end by being the first emperor to suffer damnatio memoriae: his reign was officially stricken from the record by order of the Senate.įollowing a war of succession, Vespasian became emperor, and the Flavian dynasty was established. Nero (54–68) left administration to capable advisers for a few years but then asserted himself as a vicious despot.
Claudius (41–54) centralized state finances in the imperial household, thus making rapid strides in organizing the imperial bureaucracy, but was ruthless toward the senators and equites. His great-nephew Caligula (37–41) reigned as an absolutist, his short reign filled with reckless spending, callous murders, and humiliation of the Senate. Tiberius (reigned 14–37) became the first successor in the Julio-Claudian dynasty and ruled as an able administrator but cruel tyrant. He eventually chose Tiberius, a scion of the ultra-aristocratic Claudia gens, and in 4 ce adopted him as his son. He had no son and his nephew Marcellus, his son-in-law Agrippa, and his grandsons Gaius and Lucius each predeceased him. Death played havoc with his attempts to select his successor. With a mind toward maintaining the structure of power entrusted to his rule, Augustus began thinking early about who should follow him. Statue of the Roman emperor Augustus, 1st century ce. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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